Artificial viscosity technique for direct runoff calculation

In this study, an Artificial Viscosity (AV) technique was developed for direct runoff calculation, instead of using the conventional Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH) methods. We solved Shallow Water Equations (SWE) with second-order accurate Godunov finite volume model and fourth-order Runge-Kutta explicit scheme. The AV devised a Laplacian biharmonic operator, employed to solve convective terms SWE. This applied rainfall-runoff laboratory cases measured rainfall observed values. For comparison purpose, several SUH methods commonly used such as SCS, Snyder, GAMA-1, ITB-1, ITB-2, Nakayasu, were also compute results showed that could predict three parameters (i.e., peak discharge, time-to-peak, shape hydrograph) accurately. Meanwhile, significant discrepancies shown by in estimating parameters, thus indicating SWE modeling is significantly more than predicting hydrograph. study shows interesting example how modern numerical computations can improve prediction may be included standard computation future.